Genetic analysis of 90 mango genotypes including juicy, table, dual and pickle types from different parts of Andhra Pradesh of India was carried out employing 143 mango-specific microsatellite markers. Of the 143, 34 were new mango-specific microsatellite loci isolated in the course of the present investigation by constructing an (CA) n and (TG) n -enriched genomic library. Characterization of the 90 genotypes resulted in the detection of 301 alleles from 106 polymorphic loci with an average of 2.87 alleles per locus and polymorphism information content of 0.67. UPGMA cluster analysis grouped all the genotypes into two major groups with a genetic similarity range of 47–88 %. Grouping of the genotypes based on the utility type was observed only at sub-cluster level. Study of population structure by a model-based STRUCTURE analysis revealed the germplasm to exist in four gene pools. Overall F st of 0.11 indicated genetic differentiation between the populations to be low. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that major proportion of the variation was within the individuals (62.25 %). The molecular marker-based study of genetic diversity suggests that the germplasm studied representing the kind of variability would be a valuable genetic resource for future breeding and association mapping in search for new and novel alleles.

Population structure and genetic analysis of different utility types of mango (Mangifera indica L.) germplasm of Andhra Pradesh state of India using microsatellite markers

Mango is an important dry zone fruit crop in Sri Lanka. Mangoes grown in northern Sri Lanka show rich varietal diversity and have greater consumer demand compared with those from other regions of the country. In this study, eighteen mango varieties including 54 accessions from Jaffna were examined to evaluate morphological variations and determine fruit quality. A total of 46 morphological traits from IPBGR descriptors for mango were measured in 54 mango accessions between years 2009 and 2012. Qualitative and quantitative morphological traits including leaf, inflorescence and fruit characteristics were evaluated in the field as well as in the laboratory. High variation among the mango varieties was observed with respect to qualitative data such as colour of immature leaves, leaf shape, inflorescence axis flower colour, type of flower, fruit shape skin colour and texture. Collected quantitative data was subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). PCA showed that first 4 principal component had 75.6% of the total variation. PC1 explained 34.2% variations and these components were fruit length, breadth, thickness and weight. Besides these parameters, seed and leaf length also showed high variation. PC2 showed 21.8% variations with the parameters of leaf length, leaf breadth and inflorescence length. Thus based on these variations and similarities in morphological traits, mango varieties were grouped into three by HCA. These PCA and HCA results suggest that broad morphologic diversity was found in mango varieties examined in this study. Over all fruit quality was measured by a trained taste panel. Fruit quality was rated excellent in 8 varieties with pink or red mixed attractive fruit skin or waxy yellow colour skin. Among the 18 mango varieties thus identified from the 54 accessions, 4 varieties were found to be exotic and 14 varieties were endemic to Sri Lanka.

/pdf/morphometric-analysis-of-mango-varieties-in-sri-lanka-1lvdr9t2ig.pdf

Morphometric analysis of mango varieties in Sri Lanka

Fruit and leaf diversity of selected Indian mangoes (Mangifera indica L.)

Collection, characterization and utilization of genetic resources are crucial for developing varieties to meet current and future needs. Although mango is an economically important fruit tree, its genetic resources are still undocumented and are threatened in their natural habits. In this study, the variability of 452 mango accessions from three regions in China (Nujiang, Lancang river and Honghe) was assessed using 41 descriptors including qualitative and quantitative traits, with the aim to identify mango accessions with excellent agronomic and quality traits. To this end, descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. Based on Shannon–Weaver diversity index, qualitative traits including pericarp color, fruit aroma, flesh color, and fruit flavor recorded the highest variability in the germplasm. Fruit related traits including pulp weight, peel weight, and fruit weight were the most diverse traits in the germplasm with a high coefficient of variation (CV > 40%). Significant differences (MANOVA test, p < 0.000) were observed among the three regions for most of the quantitative traits. Biologically significant and positive correlations were found among agronomically important traits such as fruit weight and pulp weight, fruit weight and edible rate. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed tree clusters, indicating a low diversity in the germplasm. The majority of the descriptors contributed to the differentiation of the accessions. Accessions with good fruits quality (high fruit weight, pulp weight, and edible rate) were found in Cluster 2. Accessions in this cluster could be used for fruit quality improvement in mango breeding programs. Our study sheds light on the diversity of a large collection of natural mango population in China and provides relevant information for efficient conservation and harnessing of mango genetic resources.

Diversity of a Large Collection of Natural Populations of Mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) Revealed by Agro-Morphological and Quality Traits

Mango is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world. It has been cultivated in Egypt since 19th century. The usual methodologies to produce a new cultivar in Egypt are based on selection of superior seedling or importing new cultivars. To establish breeding program and improve mango cultivars, genetic variability and relationships among available mango germplasms must be detected. The present study was conducted in two successive seasons (2014 and 2015), on three common local cultivars (Ewais, Zebda and Sedeeq) and five imported cultivars (Naomi, Keitt, Fajri Klan, Tommy Atkins and Haidi) which are grown commercially in Egypt. Results revealed a wide range of variability in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mango cultivars. On the basis of combined analysis of the two years, all fruit parameters; fruit length, breadth and weight, stone weight, TSS and acidity, showed considerably high heritability values which ranged from 80.83 to 98.27%, indicating that genetic improvement for these characters through breeding and selection would be effective. On the other hand, genetic diversity and relatedness among the eight genotypes were assessed based on fourteen decamer RAPD primers. A total of 154 bands were obtained with 81.82% polymorphism. High similarity degree was found between the local cultivar (Zebda) and the Indian cultivar (Fajri Klan) at the molecular level which was consistent with some physical characters. Results of UPGMA dendrogram revealed that the Egyptian cultivar Sedeek was the most divergent and separated in a distinct group. This was consistent with genetic relationship of pigments in peel color; Sedeek was the only cultivar that did not have yellow color in ripe fruit peel. These results indicated that RAPD analysis could be used as an effective tool in separating cultivars according to their physico-chemical properties and could be useful for genetic improvement of mango cultivars.

http://journal.esg.net.eg/index.php/EJGC/article/download/249/242

Genetic variability and molecular characterization of some local and imported mango cultivars in egypt

Morphological and genetic characterization of mango varieties in Mozambique.

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Morphological and genetic characterization of mango varieties in Mozambique.