The successful commissioning of the XMM-Newton focal plane detectors, radiation hard X-ray imaging spectroscopic CCDs, has attracted some attention: Reliably operating X-ray CCDs are delivering extraordinary images, recorded in a single-photon counting mode, imaged through the largest X-ray telescope ever built. The experimental boundary conditions from space applications will serve as a setting to confine the scope of this review. Of course, related applications in other fields of basic and applied science will also be treated. State of the art X-ray detectors with energy, position and time resolution at high quantum efficiency from the near-infrared up to 20 keV are described in detail: todays most advanced systems comprise charge coupled devices and active pixel sensors as well as pixellized silicon drift detectors. They have been developed for astrophysics experiments in space, for material analysis and for experiments at synchrotron radiation facilities. The functional principles of the silicon devices are derived from basic solid-state device physics. The spatial resolution, the spectroscopic performance of the systems, the long-term stability and the limitations of the detectors are described in detail. Field applications show the unique usefullness of silicon radiation detectors.

High-resolution imaging X-ray spectrometers

A second series of monolithic preamplifiers based on epitaxial channel JFETs and intended for calorimetry at hadron colliders has been realized. The employed buried layer process is upgraded, resulting in a lower pinch-off voltage and a reduced power dissipation. Results are presented on noise, dynamic behavior and radiation damage. New versions of the preamplifier are designed for both large capacitance detectors and for low capacitance pre-shower detectors. >

/pdf/jfet-monolithic-preamplifier-with-outstanding-noise-zbwjlmgiah.pdf

JFET monolithic preamplifier with outstanding noise behaviour and radiation hardness characteristics

An N-channel JFET with 1.6 μm gate length has been realised in the CMOS-compatible technology. Such a device is intended as the basic front-end element in the development of new low noise circuits of large bandwidth. This paper presents the results of a full device characterisation concerning small signal behaviour, noise spectral densities and noise sensitivities to absorbed radiation. The performances of some monolithic circuits employing the short channel JFET as an input element, among them preamplifiers tailored to different detector capacitances, an entire analog processor for microstrip detectors and a multichannel preamplifier system are discussed.

Short channel, CMOS-compatible JFET in low noise applications☆

The contribution of the 1 f - noise to the spectral line broadening in pulse amplitude measurements is derived with a time-domain analysis. The known time-domain relationships which provide the contributions of the series and parallel white noises are generalised for the case of 1 f and other typical non-white noises, by using the fractional derivative of either the system impulse response (time-invariant linear filters) or its weight function folded (time-variant linear filters). It is shown that a time-domain approach is also effective to determine the contribution of Lorentzian noises. A simple rule suitable to derive numerically the fractional derivative is given, which permits to calculate the effect of non-white noises even when the filter impulse response is not known analytically but only in sampled form.

Impact of non-white noises in pulse amplitude measurements: a time-domain approach

Observations in X-ray astronomy require imaging spectroscopy detectors with high-energy resolution, high quantum efficiency, two-dimensional position resolution, large sensitive area, low power consumption, and fast readout. This paper gives a review of the functional principle and performance of fully depleted pn-CCDs and DEPFET based Active Pixel Sensors, both developed at the semiconductor laboratory in Munich, Germany. While pn-CCDs have proved their quality and reliability onboard of the European XMM-Newton satellite in the last 3 years, the Active Pixel Sensor is a promising candidate for the Wide Field Imager of the future XEUS mission.

X-ray imaging spectrometers in present and future satellite missions

The spectral density of channel current noise in JFET's is governed in the low-frequency region by Lorentzian terms. Ordinarily, their influence on the equivalent noise charge of preamplifiers for radiation detectors is negligible, as these terms vanish as soon as the frequency exceeds a few Hz. Exposure of JFET's to γ - rays has proved, however, that these noise contributions are enhanced by the absorbed radiation and may invade a much broader frequency range, thereby degrading the equivalent noise charge event at comparatively short processing times. The extent to which the noise behaviour of JFET's is affected by radiation-enhanced Lorentzian terms is analysed in this paper. Results of measurements, carried out after exposure to 60CO γ- rays of JFET parts and monolithic circuits realised in two different technologies, are discussed and compared with the theoretical predictions.

Radiation sensitivity of noise in monolithic JFET circuits exposed to 60Co γ - rays

The NJFET-PMOS monolithic preamplifier system JAMEX64 is now available in three versions: they differ in the power consumption and in the minimum gate length of the NJFETs. The most recent version employs short channel NJFETs (L = 1.6 μ m), to open-up the possibility of extending the range of application of the system to accelerators of bunch-crossing in the 100 ns range. The paper describes the weighting function associated with the JAMEX64 analog channels and compares the results of the theoretical noise analysis with the experimental measurements of the equivalent noise charge.

NJFET-PMOS preamplifier system: an upgraded version☆

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

A. Tomasini

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Short channel, CMOS-compatible JFET in low noise applications☆

Radiation sensitivity of noise in monolithic JFET circuits exposed to 60Co γ - rays

NJFET-PMOS preamplifier system: an upgraded version☆