These classroom activities, based on the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating, help explore the outcomes and subject matter in the PDHPE K-6 syllabus. The activities for Early Stage 1 focus on the food groups and encourage children to try new foods. Stage 1 activities focus on selecting a variety of foods from the different food groups for healthy eating. Stage 2 activities focus on the importance of eating fruit and vegetables. In Stage 3 students are required to look at their food habits and what they eat each day.

Australian Dietary Guidelines

Aim: Food security is an important nutrition issue among vulnerable population groups such as the young and socioeconomically disadvantaged. The present study sought to identify and describe the prevalence, distribution and severity of food insecurity, and related behavioural adaptations, among a sample of Australian university students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design involving a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 39 food security-related and 15 demographic questions administered among a sample of university students. Results: A sample of 399 students completed questionnaires representing a response rate of 71.5% of students invited to participate. Sample demography was representative of the total student population except for being overrepresented by full-time and international students. Food insecurity was evident in the student sample ranging from 12.7% to 46.5% (based on method of analysis). Student food insecurity was significantly associated with those renting, boarding or sharing accommodation, with low incomes or receiving government assistance. Coping strategies developed by students focused on income generation and austerity measures, included living with parents, working more than 10 hours per week outside of university and borrowing money and food. Students who reported food insecurity were more likely to rate their overall health status lower than those who were food secure. Conclusion: The present study suggests university students are at significant risk of food insecurity in part attributed to inadequate income support. Further research is required to assess the broader determinants of food insecurity and appropriate strategy responses, including social support policies, in this population group.

Student food insecurity: The skeleton in the university closet

Issue addressed: Food insecurity, now listed among the social determinants of health, compromises the health and wellbeing of affected Australians. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of food insecurity within an urban population of social disadvantage in readiness for a local health promotion response. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey conducted in three disadvantaged locations of southwestern Sydney. Prevalence of food insecurity was assessed using both the 16 item US Household Food Security Survey Module and the single item question previously used in national Australian health surveys. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between food insecurity and sociodemographic characteristics of the households. Results: The 16 item US tool yielded a significantly higher food insecurity prevalence (21.9%, 95% CI 20.0-23.8) than the single item Australian tool (15.8%, 95% CI 14.1-17.5). Compared with the former, the single item Australian tool has high specificity (96%) yet low sensitivity (56.9%). In our three sites, food insecurity was strongly and independently associated with household capacity to save money (AOR=5.05). Local fruit and vegetable production (83.8%), nutrition education (83.9%), transport to food outlets (81.5%) and better public transport overall (76.3%) were most highly rated by 'food insecure' households as useful future strategies. Conclusion: The higher sensitivity of the US 16 item food security survey module relative to the single item Australian tool indicates its potential for use in future Australian surveys of food insecurity. (author abstract)

Food insecurity in three socially disadvantaged localities in Sydney, Australia.

Objective: To estimate the extent of food insecurity in South Australia and its relationship with a variety of socio-economic variables. Design: Data collected routinely from 2002 to 2007 by SA Health were analysed to explore food security in the State’s population. An ecological analysis of data collected by the South Australian Monitoring and Surveillance System (SAMSS) that collects data on key health indicators. Questions on food security are asked periodically from July 2002 to December 2007. Setting: South Australia. Subjects: Over 37 000 interviewees took part in SAMSS surveys. Questions about food security were asked of 19 037 subjects. The sample was weighted by area, age and gender so that the results were representative of the South Australian population. Results: Seven per cent (1342/19 037) of subjects reported running out of food during the previous year and not having enough money to buy food (food insecurity). Logistic regression analysis found food insecurity to be highest in households with low levels of education, limited capacity to save money, Aboriginal households, and households with three or more children. Conclusions: The study confirms that food insecurity is strongly linked to economic disadvantage. Increasing cost of food is likely to exacerbate food insecurity. This is of concern given that food insecurity is associated with poor health, especially obesity and chronic disease. Comprehensive action at all levels is required to address root causes of food insecurity. Regular surveillance is required to continue to monitor levels of food security, but more in-depth understandings, via qualitative research, would be useful.

/pdf/an-ecological-analysis-of-factors-associated-with-food-3tlfv04mvp.pdf

An ecological analysis of factors associated with food insecurity in South Australia, 2002-7.

Food security measurement in cultural pluralism: missing the point or conceptual misunderstanding?

Abstract The idea that many people in Australia may not have adequate access to ‘sufficient food for an active and healthy life’ is starting to be seriously considered by nutritionists. Food insecurity as a consequence of limited resources exists in Australia at a level likely to be over 5% of the general population and much higher among groups at risk. Groups known to suffer food insecurity include those in remote areas, indigenous people, homeless people, injecting drug users and those on low or insecure incomes. Young people, the elderly, single person households, unemployed people, disabled people and some immigrants and their families are therefore also likely to be at risk due to increased levels of relative poverty. Food insecurity has a high cost to individuals, families and society as a whole in terms of reduced physical, mental, spiritual and social health and wellbeing. Current research, practice and policy directions clearly indicate the need for comprehensive, intersectoral, integrated strategies that are based around community responses supported by state and national policy and funding directions. Strategies by which dietitians and nutritionists can help to prevent and ameliorate food insecurity include local and national level advocacy, policy making, education, research and community-based practice. The challenges for dietitians and their employing organisations to realise the mission of their professional organisation to achieve ‘better food, better health, better living for all’ are many. They include an examination of skills, competencies and practices; development of strategic alliances and partnerships with other organisations; and improvement of our effectiveness as advocates for change. (Aust J Nutr Diet 2001;58:150–156)

Food security and poverty in Australia - challenges for dietitians

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Food security and poverty in Australia - challenges for dietitians