A substantial percentage of the total rainfall amount in Catalonia (north-east of Spain) stems from convective cloud systems. To obtain a quantitative estimate, convective events were identified on the charts of a rain-rate recorder from 1960 to 1979. Events were classified into four categories: non-convective, convective with low rainfall rates, convective with moderate to high rates and thunderstorm events. The amount of rain due to each of these was computed. The ratio of convective to total rainfall amounts ranges from 70 to 80 per cent in the summer months to less than 30 per cent in winter and its pattern through the year is discussed as regards regional weather and climate. Orographical features, potential instability of the atmosphere and high sea-surface temperatures are related to high-rate events. The uncertain character of rainfall in the area is clearly linked to the large share of convective rainfall on the bulk precipitation. # 1997 Royal Meteorological Society. Int. J. Climatol., 17, 1683‐1695.

Total rainfall and convective rainfall in catalonia, spain

Daily rainfall affinity areas are derived for the island of Mallorca using four years of data, and a 96 × 96 intersite correlation matrix. An initial visual impression of the nature of rainfall organization is afforded by the mapping of correlation links between sites. The Serra de Tramontana form a climatological as well as topographic barrier, producing a marked alignment in spatial rainfall occurrence in that part of the island. Elsewhere ‘core’ sites are identified, about which rainfall correlation is high for distances of up to 15 km. These centre on higher elevation locations in the Serra de Llevant and in the central area, and also the Palma and Campos coastal embayments. Use of rotated principal components and cluster analyses applied to the correlation matrices permits the division of the island into seven major rainfall areas. The uplands of the north-west and east of the island provide clear units in terms of both exposure and altitude, and their general exposure to prevailing rain-bearing winds appears important, whilst an urban effect due to Palma and clear sea-breeze convergence effects near the centre of the island are also implied.

The spatial organization of daily rainfall over Mallorca, Spain

Accurate estimates of rainfall intensity distribution with high temporal and spatial resolution are necessary in most urban hydrological studies, such as planning, simulation or control of sewer networks. Traditionally, these data are obtained from intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves at sites with long rainfall intensity time-series, however, little attention is given to the spatial features of precipitation. In this paper, a mathematical model of a local scale storm that takes account of the spatial variability of rainfall and rain-cell movement is proposed. The model has been calibrated with a dense network of raingauges and a long rainfall intensity timeseries (60 years) and its parameters have been calculated for convective storms of return periods up to 15 years with their most frequently-observed rain-cell velocities (1 to 4 m/s).

Modelling the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall intensity at local scale

Majorca's severe storms of september 1989: a reminder of mediterranean uncertainty

Relation between maximal rainfall rates for different time intervals in the course of a storm

Analysis of instantaneous rainfall rate during flash floods in barcelona

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Analysis of instantaneous rainfall rate during flash floods in barcelona