The aim of this study was to develop a test for the measurement of nasal reactivity. Different concentrations of methacholine were sprayed intranasally, and the nasal secretion and blockage were measured in normal subjects. The simple collection and measurement of secretion was found to be a valuable parameter of mucosal reactivity, while measurement of nasal airway resistance was unreliable, due in part to the presence of secretion in the nasal cavity. The methacholine test had a fairly good reproducibility when the amount of secretion was used as the only parameter. It caused a significantly stronger reaction in women than in men. Patients with perennial rhinitis had a more vigorous response than the controls. It is concluded that the methacholine test may prove useful as a sign of perennial rhinitis and also for the objective evaluation of medication, but further studies are warranted.

https://www.jacionline.org/article/0091-6749(79)90109-X/pdf

Nasal methacholine challenge: A test for the measurement of nasal reactivity

Is Bethanechol Chloride Clinically Effective in Promoting Bladder Emptying? A Literature Review

Airway reactivity and disease severity were investigated in 24 subjects with stable chronic bronchial asthma. Disease severity was determined by assigning a disease severity score (DSS) representing six clinical and therapeutic parameters. Airway hyperresponsiveness was assessed in two ways: airway reactivity score (ARS) based on the number of positive responses to a question concerning exposure to 22 nonspecific inhaled irritants and methacholine challenge testing and determining the cumulative dose causing a 20% reduction in FEV2 (CMD20). A significant correlation between DDS and CMD20 (r = 0.57; p less than 0.003) and DSS and ARS (r = 0.67; p less than 0.0003) attested to the important influence of airway hyperresponsiveness on disease severity. Significant correlations for ARS with CMD20 (r = -0.60; p less than 0.002) suggested the consistency with which the ARS estimated methacholine hyperresponsiveness. We found no statistically significant correlations between DSS, ARS, or CMD20 and the age of subject, duration of asthma, or other host characteristics. There was not a significant correlation between the degree of airway obstruction and DSS or ARS noted. The results of this investigation demonstrate the value of the use of clinical information for assessing airway hyperresponsiveness and disease severity in patients with chronic stable asthma. Both ARS and DSS are useful clinical tools for estimating methacholine reactivity.

Assessment of airway hyperresponsiveness in chronic stable asthma.

/pdf/the-effect-of-exercise-and-of-four-commonly-used-drugs-on-4ettzlomr1.pdf

The effect of exercise and of four commonly used drugs on the normal human electrocardiogram, with particular reference to t wave changes.

We investigated the efficacy of local ipratropium bromide on methacholine-induced nasal secretions in a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment. Twenty subjects with perennial rhinitis received a total intranasal dose of 21, 42, 84, and 168 μg of ipratropium bromide or placebo in each nostril. One hour later, filter paper disks were used to deliver increasing doses of methacholine and to collect secretions from the left septum. Concomitantly, symptoms of rhinorrhea and nasal congestion were scored. Compared with doses of placebo, all doses of ipratropium bromide significantly reduced the methacholine-induced increase in nasal secretion weights and symptoms of rhinorrhea ( p p = 0.01). We speculate that ipratropium bromide may prove beneficial for the treatment of rhinorrhea in perennial rhinitis. Furthermore, increasing the delivered dose to 168 μg may increase efficacy without augmenting side effects.

Ipratropium bromide (atrovent nasal spray) reduces the nasal response to methacholine

ACETYL-β-METHYLCHOLIN I. THE ACTION ON NORMAL PERSONS. WITH A NOTE ON THE ACTION OF THE ETHYL ETHER OF β-METHYLCHOLIN

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ACETYL-β-METHYLCHOLIN I. THE ACTION ON NORMAL PERSONS. WITH A NOTE ON THE ACTION OF THE ETHYL ETHER OF β-METHYLCHOLIN