農林水産省経営局長賞 尿石症により尿道閉塞した雄子牛に対するバルーンカテーテルを用いた膀胱-皮膚フィステル装着による治療法の考案 (平成26年度家畜診療等技術全国研究集会・入賞論文)

Synthesis of CoFe2O4/MWCNTs Nanohybrid and its Effect on the Optical, Thermal, and Conductivity of PVA/CMC Composite as an Application in Electrochemical Devices

Fundamentally power-limited by thermal effects, the design challenge for end-pumped “bulk” solid-state lasers depends upon knowledge of the temperature gradients within the gain medium. We have developed analytical expressions that can be used to model the temperature distribution and thermal-lens power in end-pumped solid-state lasers. Enabled by the inclusion of a temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, applicable from cryogenic to elevated temperatures, typical pumping distributions are explored and the results compared with accepted models. Key insights are gained through these analytical expressions, such as the dependence of the peak temperature rise in function of the boundary thermal conductance to the heat sink. Our generalized expressions provide simple and time-efficient tools for parametric optimization of the heat distribution in the gain medium based upon the material and pumping constraints.

/pdf/analytical-thermal-model-for-end-pumped-solid-state-lasers-29twh1c184.pdf

Analytical thermal model for end-pumped solid-state lasers

中国长春 = Changchun China

All-solid-state passively Q-switched lasers have advantages that include simple structure, high peak power, and short sub-nanosecond pulse width. Potentially, these lasers can be applied in multiple settings, such as in miniature light sources, laser medical treatment, remote sensing, and precision processing. Cr4+:YAG crystal is an ideal Q-switch material for all-solid-state passively Q-switched lasers owing to its high thermal conductivity, low saturation light intensity, and high damage threshold. This study summarizes the research progress on all-solid-state passively Q-switched lasers that use Cr4+:YAG crystal as a saturable absorber and discusses further prospects for the development and application of such lasers.

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/4/93/pdf

Advances in All-Solid-State Passively Q-Switched Lasers Based on Cr4+:YAG Saturable Absorber

In this paper, we introduce an analytical model for the temperature distribution of a diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser rod by considering a Gaussian pump profile, taking into account the dependence of thermal conductivity on temperature. The stress and strain components are then derived by considering the dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient on the temperature. Our analytical model shows a very good agreement with numerical results. The maximum relative error, when compared with numerical results, is about 0.2 and 2.0% at the center of a laser rod for temperature and stress respectively.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1054-660X/25/4/045001/pdf

Analytical model for temperature, stress and strain distribution inside a side-pumped Nd:YAG laser rod having a Gaussian pump profile

In this paper, a side diode pumped passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is presented using a Cr4+:YAG as saturable absorber. The performance of the Nd:YAG laser in the free-running and Q-switched modes is theoretically and experimentally studied with different output coupler reflectivities and different initial transmissions of Cr4+:YAG crystals. The optimum reflectivity of the output coupler is found to be 25 % in the Q-switched mode according to the theoretical calculations and experimental results. The initial transmission of Cr4+:YAG is set to 20 % in order to achieve maximum output energy in a single laser pulse. The experimental results are in good agreement with calculated values. In the Q-switched mode, single pulse output energy is obtained around 57 mJ with 10 ns pulse duration over 1–20 Hz pulse repetition rates. The optical to optical conversion efficiency reaches 14.25 %.

57 mJ with 10 ns passively Q-switched diode pumped Nd:YAG laser using Cr4+:YAG crystal

In this paper, according to the temperature and strain distribution obtained by considering the Gaussian pump profile and dependence of physical properties on temperature, we derive an analytical model for refractive index variations of the diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser rod. Then we evaluate this model by numerical solution and our maximum relative errors are 5% and 10% for variations caused by thermo–optical and thermo–mechanical effects; respectively. Finally, we present an analytical model for calculating the focal length of the thermal lens and spherical aberration. This model is evaluated by experimental results.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1056/24/12/124205/pdf

Analytical model for thermal lensing and spherical aberration in diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser rod having Gaussian pump profile

In this paper, the design and construction of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser is described. The structure of this laser is based on a master oscillator power amplifier system. A master oscillator is an electro-optical Q-switched Nd:YAG rod laser. Face-pumping is used for the excitation of the slab structure, and a double-pass method is designed for the amplification stages. Two Nd:YAG zigzag slabs are utilized as power amplification stages in this laser. The laser diodes are stacked in a compact configuration and are used for rod and slabs pumping. The total pump energy in the amplifier stages is 3200 mJ at 808 nm. The output pulse energy achieved at 1064 nm is about 850 mJ of 10 ns pulse duration corresponding to 26.5% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency. Moreover, this laser can generate pulse energies around 430 mJ at 532 nm. The dependence of the output energy of MOPA and second harmonic generation operations on different pulse repetition rates (PRRs) from 1 to 100 Hz has been investigated. Experimental results show that the maximum fluctuations of the output energies are about 2.5 and 4% for 1064 and 532 nm, respectively.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1054-660X/26/2/025003/pdf

A compact diode-pumped pulsed Nd:YAG slab laser based on a master oscillator power amplifier configuration

In this paper, an analytical model is introduced for temperature distribution of an end diode-pumped laser slab by Green's function method. To solve the heat equation, Robin boundary conditions are considered because four lateral faces of the slab are cooled by water. An analytical model is extracted for single and dual end-pumping configuration. For an example, the 2D and 3D temperature distributions are plotted and our analytical model is validated by numerical solution based on the finite element method (FEM). The results show that our model has very good agreement with numerical solution. Furthermore, dependence of the temperature distribution on absorbed pump power is shown.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1054-660X/26/5/055001/pdf

Analytical model for temperature distribution of an end diode-pumped laser slab with Robin boundary conditions by Green’s function method

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