Foundations, like the structures or equipment they support, are usually designed to meet certain serviceability and strength criteria. Serviceability conditions dictate that the foundation should perform such that under normal operating loads the structure or equipment it supports may fulfill its design purpose. These serviceability limitations are typically described by settlement or other motion limitations. The strength criteria have the purpose of insuring that the foundation has sufficient reserve strength to resist the occasionally large load that may be experienced due to extreme environmental forces or other sources. In most, but not all cases, the serviceability or settlement criteria and the strength criteria may be treated as unrelated design tasks. Serviceability is typically a long-term consideration for the foundation that may depend on time-dependent consolidation characteristics. Foundation strength, or bearing capacity, may be a short-term problem such as an embankment construction on an undrained clay foundation or a long-term problem in which the maximum foundation load may appear at some unknown time.

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations

The bearing capacity of strip footings over a two-layer foundation soil is considered. The kinematic approach of limit analysis is used to calculate the average limit pressure under footings. The method is applicable to any combination of parameters of the two layers, but the results are presented only for a specific case when a footing is placed on a layer of granular soil resting on clay. The depth of the collapse mechanism is found to be very much dependent on the strength of the clay. Very weak clay can “attract” the mechanism even at great depths. The results are presented as limit pressures rather than traditional bearing-capacity coefficients. The latter are strongly dependent not only on the internal friction angle of the sand, but also on the thickness of the sand layer, cohesion of the clay, and surcharge pressure. Results are presented in the form of dimensionless charts for different internal friction angles of sand. It was found that linear interpolation within 5° increments is acceptable in ...

Bearing Capacity of Footings over Two-Layer Foundation Soils

A study has been carried out of the bearing capacity of sand layers overlying clay soils for the case where the thickness of the sand layer is comparable to the width of a rigid foundation placed on the soil surface. A review of previous work is given and a discussion is presented of the dimensionless groups that govern the behaviour of this type of foundation. A parametric study is carried out using both finite element and finite difference methods. This study is based on the use of soil parameters obtained from an assessment of the range of values that might be expected to be appropriate for full-scale structures. The results of the parametric study are used to illustrate the mechanics of the system and also to develop charts that may be used directly in design. In particular, the results illustrate that the shear strength of the clay has an important influence on the mechanisms of load spread within the fill. Resume : Lion a rOalisO une Otude sur la capacitO portante de couches de sable reposant sur des sols argileux pour le cas oo liOpaisseur de la couche de sable est comparable ‡ la largeur diune fondation rigide posOe sur la surface du sol. Lion prOsente une revue des travaux antOrieurs et une discussion sur les groupes sans dimension qui rOgissent le comportement de ce type de fondation. Une Otude paramOtrique est rOalisOe en utilisant les mOthodes tant des OlOments finis que des diffOrences finies. Cette Otude est fondOe sur liutilisation des paramtres de sols obtenus en partant de liOvaluation de la plage des valeurs que lion pourrait siattendre ‡ trouver dans des structures ‡ pleine Ochelle. Les rOsultats de liOtude paramOtrique ont OtO utilisOs pour illustrer le mOcanisme du systme et aussi pour dOvelopper des abaques qui peuvent Œtre utilisOes directement dans la conception. En particulier, les rOsultats illustrent que la rOsistance au cisaillement de liargile a une influence importante sur les mOcanismes de rOpartition de la charge ‡ liintOrieur du remblai. Mots clOs : capacitO portante, sols multicouches, analyse numOrique. (Traduit par la rOdaction)

Bearing capacity of plane-strain footings on layered soils

Rigorous plasticity solutions for the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip footing resting on a sand layer over clay soil are obtained by applying advanced upper and lower bound techniques. The stu...

Bearing capacity of a sand layer on clay by finite element limit analysis

Numerical studies were carried out to investigate the bearing capacity of spudcan foundations of offshore jack-up rigs in sand overlying normally consolidated clay by using the coupled Eulerian–Lag...

Numerical investigation of bearing capacity due to spudcan penetration in sand overlying clay

It is often the case that the base of a footing rests in a foundation material consisting of more than one layer. Problems of this type have been under investigation by the authors for the last few years, and the results of these studies were reported for footings on two layers of soil and for footings on three layers of sand. This paper is an attempt to extend the authors' previous theory to cover the case of footings resting on a subsoil consisting of a dense layer of sand overlying a soft clay deposit. The results of this analysis are presented in the form of design charts.

Design charts for ultimate bearing capacity of foundations on sand overlying soft clay

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Design charts for ultimate bearing capacity of foundations on sand overlying soft clay