Magnetic Heusler alloys which undergo a martensitic transition display interesting functional properties. In the present review, we survey the magnetocaloric effects of Ni-Mn-based Heusler alloys and discuss their relation with the magnetic shape-memory and magnetic superelasticity reported in these materials. We show that all these effects are a consequence of a strong coupling between structure and magnetism which enables a magnetic field to rearrange martensitic variants as well as to provide the possibility to induce the martensitic transition. These two features are respectively controlled by the magnetic anisotropy of the martensitic phase and by the difference in magnetic moments between the structural phases. The relevance of each of these contributions to the magnetocaloric properties is analysed.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-8984/21/23/233201/pdf

Magnetocaloric effect and its relation to shape-memory properties in ferromagnetic Heusler alloys

http://www.aem.umn.edu/~james/research/Publications_Files/PDF/59.pdf

Magnetic and magnetomechanical properties of Ni2MnGa

The Heusler-type alloy ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2+x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ga}$ exhibits well defined shape memory properties in a ferromagnetic state, which means that the martensitic transition temperature is lower than the Curie point of this material. The change of composition makes these characteristic temperatures approach each other. To study this behavior, the measurements of specific heat, ac magnetic susceptibility, and dc resistivity were performed. The phase diagram of the cubic ferromagnet describing possible structural and magnetic transitions is obtained theoretically. This diagram is compared with experimental data on ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2+x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ga}.$ An estimate is given of the magnetic-field influence on the temperature of martensitic transformation in the studied alloys.

Structural and magnetic phase transitions in shape-memory alloys Ni 2 + x Mn 1 − x Ga

Magnetic-field-controlled twin boundaries motion and giant magneto-mechanical effects in Ni–Mn–Ga shape memory alloy

Coercivity enhancement of hydrogenation–disproportionation–desorption–recombination processed Nd–Fe–B powders by the diffusion of Nd–Cu eutectic alloys

A Sn119 Mössbauer study of RE6M13Sn (RE = La, Pr, Nd; M = Fe, Co) and their hydrides

The ternary stannide series of RMnSn2 compounds crystallize in the defect orthorhombic CeNiSi2-type structure. They order magnetically close to room temperature. Isomer shifts are approximately 1.9 and 2.8 mm/s at the two tin sites, and there are transferred hyperfine fields of 3–6 T at 15 K, which depend on the rare-earth partner, especially at Sn2 sites. The magnitude of the transferred hyperfine field per manganese neighbour is 4T.

119Sn Mössbauer spectra of RMnSn2 intermetallics (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm)

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni2MnGa

Hydrogen induced metamagnetism in R6Fe13X compounds

A new phase δ in the ternary system Nd‐Fe‐Cu is identified as Nd6Fe13Cu. X‐ray powder diffraction patterns of a sample annealed at 540 °C for 1000 h are indexed on a tetragonal unit cell with a=8.09 A and c=22.26 A. The Curie temperature Tc is 190±5 °C and the small net magnetization at 4.2 K of 18 mT (2 J T−1 kg−1) after correcting for the presence of 1.5% Nd2Fe17 suggests a ferrimagnetic spin structure. There is a spin rearrangement in a field of 1.5 T at 4.2 K and a metamagnetic transition is also observed on hydrogenation. Mossbauer spectra at 15 K are fitted with four subspectra with hyperfine fields of 36.9, 33.2, 30.6, and 23.0 T. X‐ray measurements on oriented powder indicate that the easy direction of the net magnetization lies along the c axis, but Mossbauer spectra show that none of iron sublattices have their magnetization aligned along c.

Structure and magnetic properties of Nd6Fe13Cu

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