Selected topics in strangeness nuclear physics are critically reviewed. This includes production, structure and weak decay of Λ-Hypernuclei, the $$\bar K$$
 nuclear interaction and the possible existence of $$\bar K$$
 bound states in nuclei. Perspectives for future studies on these issues are also outlined.

Strangeness nuclear physics: a critical review on selected topics

Selected topics in strangeness nuclear physics are critically reviewed. This includes production, structure and weak decay of $\Lambda$--Hypernuclei, the $\bar K$ nuclear interaction and the possible existence of $\bar K$ bound states in nuclei. Perspectives for future studies on these issues are also outlined.

FINUDA was a complex magnetic spectrometer installed on the DAΦNE e+e- collider, the Italian ϕ-factory put in operation at the INFN National Laboratories of Frascati, near Rome. It was carefully designed and specially dedicated to an extensive program of hypernuclear physics, mainly focussed on spectroscopy of light Λ-hypernuclei and on systematic study of their decay modes. Among the latest FINUDA results, of particular importance are the first observation of the neutron-rich Λ-hypernucleus ${}^6_\Lambda\, {\rm H}$ and the first experimental evidence of the so-called hypernucleus two-nucleon induced non-mesonic weak decay.

The last results from the finuda experiment

At the LHE JINR, an original approach to hypernuclear experiments was elaborated to produce relativistic hypernuclei. The production cross sections and lifetimes, τ, of Λ
 3
 H and Λ
 4
 H were measured successfully. The results of recent experiments on 5H and 7H nuclei suggest that the hypernucleus Λ
 6
 H might be stable and that this may be the case even for Λ
 8
 H. The unique quality of the spectrometer SPHERE may be used to identify unambiguously the isotopes of hyperhydrogen—through their pionic decay Λ
 H → π
 − + A
 He—including the new hypernuclei Λ
 6
 H and Λ
 8
 H with extreme values of N/Z of 4 and 6, respectively. The confirmation of the very existence of these neutron-rich hypernuclei would be a strong motivation to search for their spectra in strangeness and double-charge-exchange reactions (K
 stop
 −
 , π
 +) at FINUDA or (π
 −, K
 +) at J-PARC. It is very probable that, similarly as in Λ
 4
 H, there is a low-lying state 1+ also in Λ
 6
 H and Λ
 8
 H. If their electromagnetic width (M1) is small enough, we could see two different values of τ for Λ
 6
 H and/or Λ
 8
 H. We investigate the spacings of the 1+ and 0+ states of Λ
 4
 H, Λ
 6
 H, and Λ
 8
 H. The understanding of the structure of isospin asymmetric systems plays a key role in the description of systems as diverse as neutron-rich nuclei and neutron matter.

What can we learn about baryon-baryon interaction from hypernuclei Λ 6 H and Λ 8 H?

Hypernuclear studies at FAIR with PANDA

The production of neutron rich $\Lambda$-hypernuclei via the ($K^-_stop$,$\pi^+$) reaction has been studied using data collected with the FINUDA spectrometer at the DA$\Phi$NE $\phi$-factory (LNF). The analysis of the inclusive $\pi^+$ momentum spectra is presented and an upper limit for the production of $^6_\Lambda$H and $^7_\Lambda$H from $^6$Li and $^7$Li, is assessed for the first time.

Production of $^{6}_{\Lambda}$H and $^{7}_{\Lambda}$H with the (K$^{-}_{stop}$,$\pi^+$) reaction

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Production of $^{6}_{\Lambda}$H and $^{7}_{\Lambda}$H with the (K$^{-}_{stop}$,$\pi^+$) reaction