In this paper, an approach for the synthesis of Ultra- Wideband (UWB) antenna systems in the time domain is proposed. Starting from the deflnition of suitable time-domain performance indexes, the design process is based on a spline representation of the antenna shape and a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) aimed at matching optimal radiation and electrical conditions. The efiectiveness of the proposed time-domain technique is assessed by means of both numerical and experimental results.

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A Time-Domain Approach to the Synthesis of UWB Antenna Systems

This article proposes an improved slope uniform theory of diffraction model for fast and more accurate field prediction for multiple wedge diffractions in the transition zone. The proposed method is based on the slope uniform theory of diffraction and the Fresnel zone concept, called the slope uniform theory of diffraction with convex hull. The article also provides simulation results for the comparison of the uniform theory of diffraction based algorithms with respect to the computation time and accuracy.

Improvements on Slope Diffraction for Multiple Wedges

The time-domain (TD) solutions for the reflection and transmission through a dielectric slab case are presented. In contrast to other existing solutions, the proposed ones can incorporate correctly the multiple internal reflections inside the slab in simple and easy-to-use closed forms. The comparison of the proposed solutions against the numerical inverse Fourier transform of the received waveforms as these were calculated in the frequency domain reveals an extremely good agreement and validates the correctness of our TD forms.

Transmission and Reflection Coefficients in Time-Domain for a Dielectric Slab for UWB Signals

The time domain (TD) solution for the multiple diffraction of spherical waves after an arbitrary number of obstacles with different shapes such as knife-edges and wedges, is presented. The proposed TD solution is based on the representation of the inverse Laplace transform of the corresponding frequency domain solution in closed form, as it is given by a hybrid of the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD)-physic optics (PO) solution. The proposed formulation, validated with the results from technical literature, does not need to incorporate the TD version of the higher-order diffraction coefficients due to a recursive relation, thus significantly reducing both the mathematical complexity and computation time of the formulation when compared with other TD solutions.

Time Domain UTD-PO Solution for the Multiple Diffraction of Spherical Waves for UWB Signals

The electromagnetic diffraction by a right-angled dielectric wedge normally illuminated by a plane wave is considered in the time domain. The proposed approach exploits the knowledge of uniform asymptotic diffraction coefficients in the frequency domain, and uses the inverse Laplace transform for obtaining the response to an impulse plane wave. Then, the response to an arbitrary function plane wave is determined in the dielectric material and the surrounding space via a convolution integral. Comparisons with FDTD data prove the validity of the approach. At best authors' knowledge, time domain solutions are not available to date for the considered diffraction problem.

Time Domain Diffraction by a Right-Angled Penetrable Wedge

The time-domain (TD) solution of the two-dimensional multiple-diffraction case is investigated. The proposed TD solution is based on the representation of the inverse Fourier transform of the corresponding frequency-domain (FD) solution in closed form, as it is given by the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD), and it incorporates the TD representation of the higher-order diffraction coefficients. An algorithm to predict the TD diffracted field after an arbitrary number of objects is also presented. In the proposed algorithm, different types of objects along the propagation path can be applied as well, such as absorbing knife-edges and metallic or nonperfectly conducting wedges. The comparison between the TD solution and the numerical inverse fast Fourier transform of the FD solution proves the validity of the proposed solution.

Multiple Time-Domain Diffraction for UWB Signals

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Multiple Time-Domain Diffraction for UWB Signals