The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) has been identified as a promising but challenging topic to transform information towards the generation of knowledge and intelligence. Achievement of integrating these two concepts and enabling technologies will have a significant impact on solving problems in the civil, building and infrastructure sectors. However, since GIS and BIM were originally developed for different purposes, numerous challenges are being encountered for the integration. To better understand these two different domains, this paper reviews the development and dissimilarities of GIS and BIM, the existing integration methods, and investigates their potential in various applications. This study shows that the integration methods are developed for various reasons and aim to solve different problems. The parameters influencing the choice can be summarized and named as “EEEF” criteria: effectiveness, extensibility, effort, and flexibility. Compared with other methods, semantic web technologies provide a promising and generalized integration solution. However, the biggest challenges of this method are the large efforts required at early stage and the isolated development of ontologies within one particular domain. The isolation problem also applies to other methods. Therefore, openness is the key of the success of BIM and GIS integration.

https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/2/53/pdf

A state-of-the-art review on the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS)

In civil engineering infrastructural projects, information exchange and (re-) use in and between involved parties is difficult. This is mainly caused by a lack of information harmonization. Various specialists are working together on the development of an infrastructural project and are all using their own specific software and definitions for the various information types. The variety of information types adds to the differences regarding the use and definition of thematic semantic information. Also the source of the information may vary from surveyed and interpreted to designed objects. This makes harmonization of geo-information extremely difficult. Realistic 3D models describing and integrating part of the earth already exist, but are generally neglecting the subsurface, and especially the aspects of geological and geotechnical information. This paper summarizes the first steps undertaken towards the extension of an existing integrated semantic information model to include (above and on) surface as well as subsurface objects and in particular, subsurface geological and geotechnical objects. Standards, exchange formats and existing models used as a basis for the development of a core geological model as part of an integrated 3D information model are described in this paper. Examples of definitions of subsurface geological objects and required attribute information (to be) included in the integrated 3D information model are given. Web-based visualisation tools are, too, investigated to be able to access and visualise the model also in an application-independent environment.

Information management in civil engineering infrastructural development : with focus on geological and geotechnical information + powerpoint

/pdf/research-project-on-the-usability-of-oracle-spatial-within-59bxg2jba0.pdf

Research Project on the Usability of Oracle Spatial within the RWS Organisation; Detailed Project Plan

/pdf/objectgerichtheid-top10-achtergrond-en-commentaar-op-de-4r1f424py5.pdf

Objectgerichtheid TOP10 : Achtergrond en commentaar op de gebruikersspecificaties en het conceptuele gegevensmodel

Applications of 3D City Models range from assessing the potential output of solar panels across a city to determining the best location for 5G mobile phone masts While in the past these models were not readily available, the rapid increase of available data from sources such as Open Data (eg OpenStreetMap), National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies and increasingly Building Information Models facilitates the implementation of increasingly detailed 3D Models However, these sources also generate integration challenges relating to heterogeneity, storage and efficient management and visualization CityGML and IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) are two standards that serve different application domains (GIS and BIM) and are commonly used to store and share 3D information The ability to convert data from IFC to CityGML in a consistent manner could generate 3D City Models able to represent an entire city, but that also include detailed geometric and semantic information regarding its elements However, CityGML and IFC present major differences in their schemas, rendering interoperability a challenging task, particularly when details of a building’s internal structure are considered (Level of Detail 4 in CityGML) The aim of this paper is to investigate interoperability options between the aforementioned standards, by converting IFC models to CityGML LoD 4 Models The CityGML Models are then semantically enriched and the proposed methodology is assessed in terms of model’s geometric validity and capability to preserve semantics

/pdf/investigating-interoperability-capabilities-between-ifc-and-3q9tdkofo0.pdf

Investigating Interoperability Capabilities Between IFC and Citygml LOD 4 – Retaining Semantic Information

The maintenance of the complex infrastructure and facilities of Port of Rotterdam is based on large amounts of heterogeneous information. Almost all activities of the Port require spatial information about features above- and under- ground. Current information systems are department and data oriented and cannot reflect the new process- & project-oriented needed for information exchange. Moreover most of the systems are able to process only two-dimensional data, while increasing number of 3D design models is becoming available. This complexity of activities and diversity of information challenges the Port authority to look for more advanced 3D solutions. This paper presents research in progress related to developing a 3D SII in support of information and process management within the Port of Rotterdam. The discussions and the research findings within this project are very relevant to the development of corporative information infrastructure for any large institution of a company.

/pdf/3d-spatial-information-infrastructure-for-the-port-of-a3i8c6s0w5.pdf

3D Spatial Information Infrastructure for the Port of Rotterdam

This report presents the investigations, developments and the result of the project 3D spatial data infrastructure, funded by Next Generation Infrastructures, Maasvlakte 2.

/pdf/3d-spatial-infrastructure-for-the-port-of-rotterdam-1ifkzouimh.pdf

3D spatial infrastructure for the Port of Rotterdam

/pdf/3d-spatial-data-infrastructure-27lvui7mdj.pdf

3D Spatial Data Infrastructure

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3D Spatial Information Infrastructure for the Port of Rotterdam

3D spatial infrastructure for the Port of Rotterdam

3D Spatial Data Infrastructure