Hexagonal ferrites of M, W, X and Y structure types were studied by means of NMR, electronic structure calculations and magnetoelectric experiments. Presented results deal with cation distribution, localization of ferrous ions, interpretation of NMR spectra of studied materials and effects of size reduction. In oriented layers M type strontium ferrite and submicron particles of M type barium ferrite pronounced effects of reduced size were observed on Fe NMR spectra. Performance of magnetoelectric barium-strontium Y type hexaferrites with divalent zinc cations improved upon thermal treatment of samples while distribution of zinc was not significantly altered. In Sc substituted BaM, Sc content was found to be uniform throughout TSSG grown crystal. In LaSrM systems electron localization in 2a sublattice was observed, co-substitution with La+Zn, La+Co and La+Cu was found to lead to partial charge compensation. In strontium ferrites of type W and X localization of ferrous ions in octahedral sites in SS block pair was observed.

/pdf/charles-university-in-prague-faculty-of-mathematics-and-23ybpjsgah.pdf

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Mathematics and Physics

A search for the rare leptonic decay B +. mu + mu - mu +.mu is performed using proton- proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb - 1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The search is carried out in the region where the lowest of the two mu + mu - mass combinations is below 980 MeV/ c2. The data are consistent with the background- only hypothesis and an upper limit of 1.6x10 - 8 at 95% confidence level is set on the branching fraction in the stated kinematic region.

/pdf/search-for-the-rare-decay-b-m-m-m-nm-2i514k6k9p.pdf

Search for the rare decay B+→μ+μ-μ+νμ

/pdf/belle-ii-silicon-vertex-detector-4zuhkkrwpr.pdf

Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector

Semileptonic decays of b-flavoured mesons are an important tool for the determination of the CKM matrix element |Vcb|. In this thesis, measurements of semileptonic Bs meson decays are presented. They provide complementary information to the precision measurements of B meson decays and serve as a test of QCD-calculations predicting SU(3) flavour symmetry for the partial decay widths and form factors. The semi-inclusive and inclusive analyses of semileptonic Bs decays are based on the 121.4 fb-1 dataset collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider in Tsukuba, Japan. The sample recorded at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 10.86 GeV, which corresponds to the Y(5S) resonance, contains (7.1 ± 1.3) million Bs pair events. To measure the semi-inclusive Bs → Ds X l ν and Bs → Ds* X l ν branching fractions, Ds and Ds* candidates are reconstructed and are paired with an oppositely charged lepton, l+ = e+, μ+. The yields of correctly reconstructed Ds and Ds* mesons are determined by fits to their respective invariant mass distributions. The signal yield and the yields of the remaining backgrounds are extracted using kinematic distributions of the reconstructed decay products and the constraint from the known initial state of the e+ e- collision. The measured branching fractions are: Bf(Bs → Ds X l ν) = (8.2 ± 0.2 (stat) ± 0.6 (syst) ± 1.4 (ext)) % and Bf(Bs → Ds* l ν) = (5.4 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 0.4 (syst) ± 0.9 (ext)) % , where the first two uncertainties are the statistical and systematic uncertainties of the measurement and the last uncertainty is due to external parameters. Making an assumption about the Bs → Ds X l ν branching fraction, the measurement of the Bs → Ds X l ν yield is also used to obtain the current best estimate of the Bs pair production cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 10.86 GeV: σ(e+ e- → Bs pairs) = (57.1 ± 1.5 (stat) ± 4.3 (syst) ± 4.2 (ext) ) pb. The semi-inclusive measurements are complemented by an analysis of the inclusive decay Bs → X l ν, which has a particularly simple signature of only a charged, high-momentum track. A measurement of this decay mode has to cope, however, with substantial background from B0 and B+ decays, which have a four times higher production rate at the Y(5S) resonance compared to Bs mesons. Therefore, the sample is enhanced in Bs pair events by reconstructing an additional Ds+ meson in the event with same-sign electric charge as the signal lepton, l+. The same-sign requirement ensures that the Ds+ meson and the lepton, l+, stem from decays of different Bs mesons in the event. The Bs → X l ν branching fraction is determined from the measured ratio of the number of Ds+ l+ to the number of Ds+ events. The remaining contribution from B0 and B+ decays is estimated using measured Bs and B meson production rates and branching fractions. The result, Bf(Bs → X l ν) = (9.6 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 0.7 (syst)) % , is the most precise measurement of the inclusive semileptonic Bs branching fraction to date.

/pdf/semileptonic-decays-of-strange-beauty-mesons-at-belle-4nnand6b1l.pdf

Semileptonic Decays of Strange Beauty Mesons at Belle

The APV25 front-end chip with short shaping time will be used in the Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector (SVD) in order to achive low occupancy. Since fast amplifiers are more susceptible to noise caused by their capacitive input load, they have to be placed as close to the sensor as possible. On the other hand, material budget inside the active volume has to be kept low in order to constrain multiple scattering. We built a low mass sensor module with double-sided readout, where thinned APV25 chips are placed on a single flexible circuit glued onto one side of the sensor. The interconnection to the other side is done by Kapton fanouts, which are wrapped around the edge of the sensor, hence the name Origami. Since all front-end chips are aligned in a row on the top side of the module, cooling can be done by a single aluminum pipe. The performance of the Origami module was evaluated in a beam test at CERN in August 2009, of which first results are presented here.

/pdf/construction-and-performance-of-a-double-sided-silicon-50oct4kc7q.pdf

Construction and Performance of a Double-Sided Silicon Detector Module Using the Origami Concept

A new silicon vertex detector for the Belle experiment has been in operation at the high-luminosity asymmetric energy electron–positron collider KEKB since October 2003. It provides a larger polar angle acceptance, a better vertex resolution and a higher radiation tolerance than the previous one. The obtained performances indicate that the SVD2 works reliably, in very good agreement with expectations.

Belle SVD2 vertex detector

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Belle SVD2 vertex detector