This thesis provides a new conceptualisation of ethnomathematics which avoids some of the difficulties which emerge in the literature. In particular, work has been started on a philosophic basis for the field. There is no consistent view of ethnomathematics in the literature. The relationship with mathematics itself has been ignored, and the philosophical and theoretical background is missing. The literature also reveals the ethnocentricity implied by ethnomathematics as a field of study based in a culture which has mathematics as a knowledge category. Two strategies to over come this problem are identified: universalising the referent of ???mathematics??? so that it is the same as ???knowledge-making???; or using methodological techniques to minimise it. The position of ethnomathematics in relationship to anthropology, sociology, history, and politics is characterised on a matrix. A place for ethnomathematics is found close the anthropology of mathematics, but the aim of anthropology is to better understand culture in general, while ethnomathematics aims to better understand mathematics. Anthropology, however, contributes its well-established methodologies for overcoming ethnocentricity. The search for a philosophical base finds a Wittgensteinian orientation which enables culturally based ???systems of meaning??? to gain credibility in mathematics. A definition is proposed for ethnomathematics as the study of mathematical practices within context. Four types of ethnomathematical activity are identified: descriptive, archaeological, mathematising, and analytical activity. The definition also gives rise to a categorisation of ethnomathematical work along three dimensions: the closeness to conventional mathematics; the historical time; and the type of host culture. The mechanisms of interaction between mathematical practices are identified, and the imperialistic growth of mathematics is explained. Particular features of ethnomathematical theory are brought out in a four examples. By admitting the legitimacy of other viewpoints, ethnomathematics opens mathematics to new creative forces. Within education, ethnomathematics provides new choices, and turns cultural conflict into a useful tool for teaching. Mathematical activity exists in a variety of contexts. Learning mathematics involves being aware of, and integrating, diverse concepts. Ethnomathematics expands mathematical horizons, so that cultural diversity becomes a richer contributor to the cultural structures which humans use to understand their world.

Ethnomathematics: Exploring Cultural Diversity in Mathematics

This chapter addresses issues related to practice and research in inservice teacher education programs. Some issues are addressed through the eyes of Maria, an experienced teacher, who participates in an inservice program and who struggles to improve her teaching of mathematics. Considered are Maria’s personal goals for teaching, her expectations for inservice programs, and her perceptions about self as a teacher researcher as she strives to understand the research literature. The chapter draws upon literature related to both practice and research in teacher education, expectations for inservice programs, and conceptualizing inservice as a context for integrating theory and practice. Fundamental to the chapter is the importance of listening for the creation and conduction of inservice programs.

Inservice Mathematics Teacher Education: The Importance of Listening

noun prefix bu-, and the noun stem -ntu, in a Bantu language such as Nguni, meaning “person,” “personhood,” “humanness,” etc. The concept of “Ubuntu” exists also in many other African languages albeit in variant forms. For instance, T. Yanga reports that Alexis Kagame identified the variants of the concept of “ubuntu” in other African languages as follows: umundu in Kikuyu and umuntu in Kimeru, both languages spoken in Kenya; bumuntu in kiSukuma and kiHaya, both spoken in Tanzania; vumuntu in shiTsonga and shiTswa of Mozambique; bomoto in Bobangi, spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo; gimuntu

The contribution of African traditional medicine for a model of relational autonomy in informed consent

/pdf/spirituality-in-psychodynamic-counselling-an-exploration-of-4gvpvlkuus.pdf

Spirituality in psychodynamic counselling : an exploration of counsellors' understandings of, and engagement with, spirituality in practice

Korean military wives have been symbolized as “dirty,” “nothing,” and “evil” by Koreans, Korean Americans, and their American families. They also experience same level of oppression and discrimination within Korean American congregations. In Korea, the women suffered poverty, sexual violence, and Confucian gender discrimination. They have also experienced racial and sexual oppression, intercultural familial conflicts and violence, and identity crisis in America. All of those experiences are caused the sense of not belonging of Korean military wives. The sense of not belonging and desperation can be explained well by Andrew Sung Park’s theology of han. The theology of han shows the han of the women can be resolved only as the offender are willing to stand in the solidarity with Korean military wives. Asian feminist theologians point out that Asian women experience God as lifegiving power and ultimately seek to the full humanity in the image of God. Meanwhile, liberation psychology focuses on the socio-political aspects of human psychology. It argues that the primary purpose of psychology in Latin America should make Latin Americans critically confront of the oppressive and dominant social and political realities. Conscientization plays a critical role in developing my thesis. To practice of resistance and transformation, the process of conscientization is essential both to Korean American congregations and to Korean military wives. To Korean American iii congregations, they need to critically reflect upon their privilege, power, and unjust socio-cultural and religious structures. Korean military wives need to confront their hanful life realities and proclaim their full humanity in the image of God. Under the communal contextual approach of pastoral theology and care, I propose three pastoral strategies of Korean military wives: (1) Korean American congregations should be authentic resisting and transforming community, which is grounded in God’s justice and life-giving power. (2) Korean American congregations need the power of depowering and de-centering of power systems toward converting power abuse into creative power. Korean military wives also need to rediscover and develop pre-existing but unnoticed power or capacity within themselves. (3) Korean American congregations work together with Korean military wives to resist social injustice through transforming actions.

/pdf/resisting-and-transforming-pastoral-theology-and-care-of-54izaygtbo.pdf

Resisting and transforming: Pastoral theology and care of Korean military wives

Le jesuite Clavius (1538-1612), professeur au College romain, publia en 1574 son commentaire Euclidis Elementorum libri XV. En comparant cet ouvrage avec ceux des contemporains Billingsley-Dee (1570) et Federico Comandino (1572), l'A. decrit le renouveau de la geometrie euclidienne et son influence sur l'enseignement des mathematiques dans les universites. La diversite des lecteurs auxquels s'adressaient les trois auteurs permet de realiser la problematique philosophique de l'epoque concernant la place des mathematiques parmi les sciences speculatives et de comprendre la revolution que constituerent les assertions de Galilee, puis la geometrie analytique de Descartes, prelude aux geometries non-euclidiennes.

Christopher Clavius and the Renaissance of Euclidean Geometry

Mathematics and Social Change

Review of "Jacques Lacan: The Death of an Intellectual Hero"

Review of "After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory"

Practical Geometry = Practica Geometriae

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