The fluorescence intensity ratio technique for optical fiber-based point temperature sensing is reviewed, including the materials suitable for this technique. The temperature dependence of the fluorescence intensity ratio has been studied using thermally coupled energy levels in seven different rare earth ions doped into a variety of glasses and crystals. Sensor prototypes developed using Pr3+:ZBLANP, Nd3+-doped silica fiber and Yb3+-doped silica fiber as the sensing material have been used to measure temperatures covering the range of approximately −50 to 600 °C with a resolution of the order of 1 °C.

Fluorescence intensity ratio technique for optical fiber point temperature sensing

Upconversion spectroscopy and properties of NaYF4 doped with Er3+, Tm3+ and/or Yb3+

Upconverting materials are capable of absorbing near-infrared light and converting it into short-wavelength luminescence. The efficiency of this remarkable effect is highly temperature dependent and thus can be used for temperature determination (thermometry) on a nanometer scale. All the upconverting materials discovered so far display several (mainly two) narrow emission bands, each of which has its own temperature dependence. The ratio of the intensity of two of these bands provides a referenced signal for optical sensing of temperature, for example inside cells.

Upconverting Nanoparticles for Nanoscale Thermometry

Over the past decade, high-quality lanthanide doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been successfully synthesized with the rapid development of nanotechnology. Due to the unique electron configuration of lanthanide ions, there are rich energy level structures in the near-infrared, visible and ultraviolet spectral range. However, for UCNPs, only a limited number of efficient upconversion excitation and emission have been generated due to the limited number of sensitizer (Yb3+) and activator (Tm3+, Er3+, and Ho3+) ions, and the application is mainly focused on the bio-imaging by using the upconversion luminescence of UCNPs. Recently, more and more researchers have started to focus on tuning of upconversion optical properties and developing of multi-functional UCNPs by using the combination of sub-lattice mediated energy migration, core@shell structural engineering and UCNPs based nanocomposites which greatly expands the range of applications for lanthanide-doped UCNPs. Therefore, a “nanolab” can be created on UCNPs, where the property modulation can be realized via the designed host-dopants combinations, core@shell nanostructure, energy exchange with “alien species” (organic dyes, quantum dots, etc.), and so on. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the latest advances made in developing lanthanide-doped UCNPs, which include excitation and emission energy levels guided designing of the UCNP nanostructure, the synthesis techniques to fabricate the nanostructure with optimum energy level structure and optical properties, the fabrication of UCNPs-based nanocomposites to extend the applications by introducing the additional functional components, or integrating the functional moiety into one nanocomposite.

Lab on upconversion nanoparticles: optical properties and applications engineering via designed nanostructure

Publisher Summary The intensities of intraconfigurational f–f transitions are reviewed in the chapter The chapter presents the transition mechanisms for lanthanide ions—namely, the magnetic dipole transition, the induced electric dipole transition, and the electric quadrupole transition It discusses the way experimental intensities can be determined from the spectra The chapter also focuses on the expression of the dipole strength and the oscillator strength in oriented and in randomly-oriented systems Correction factors for lanthanide ions in a dielectric medium are described in the chapter Although only a few magnetic dipole transitions exist for the trivalent lanthanide ions, magnetic dipole transitions are of interest, because their intensities are in a first approximation independent of the ligand environment and can, thus, be used as intensity standards The intensity of a magnetic dipole transition can be calculated exactly, provided that suitable wavefunctions are available These wavefunctions can be obtained from diagonalization of the energy matrix

Chapter 167 Spectral intensities of f-f transitions

Fluorindate glasses containing 1,2,3,4 ${\mathrm{ErF}}_{3}$ mol % were prepared in a dry box under argon atmosphere. Absorption, Stokes luminescence (under visible and infrared excitation), the dependence of $^{4}$${\mathit{S}}_{3/2}$, $^{4}$${\mathit{I}}_{11/2}$, and $^{4}$${\mathit{I}}_{13/2}$ lifetimes with Er concentration, and upconversion under Ti-saphire laser excitation at \ensuremath{\lambda}=790 nm were measured, mostly at T=77 and 300 K. The upconversion results in a strong green emission and weaker blue and red emissions whose intensity obeys a power-law behavior I\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{P}}^{\mathit{n}}$, where P is the infrared excitation power and n=1.6, 2.1, and 2.9 for the red, green, and blue emissions, respectively. The red emission exponent n=1.5 can be explained by a cross relaxation process. The green and blue emissions are due to excited state absorption (ESA) and energy transfer (ET) processes that predict a factor n=2 and n=3 for the green and blue emissions, respectively. From transient measurements we concluded that for lightly doped samples the green upconverted emission is originated due to both processes ESA and ET. However, for heavily doped samples ET is the dominant process. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

/pdf/spectroscopic-properties-and-upconversion-mechanisms-in-er3-1i9r4tere2.pdf

Spectroscopic properties and upconversion mechanisms in er3+-doped fluoroindate glasses

We describe the characterization of a temperature sensor based on the infrared-to-visible frequency upconversion process excited in a sample of Er/sup 3+/-doped fluoroindate glass. The present results demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a compact practical device using a low-power CW 1.48-/spl mu/m diode laser as the excitation source.

/pdf/temperature-sensor-based-on-frequency-upconversion-in-er-sup-2h4yok8438.pdf

Temperature sensor based on frequency upconversion in Er/sup 3+/-doped fluoroindate glass

We report on efficient frequency upconversion in Er3+‐doped fluoroindate glasses. The process is observed under 1.48 μm laser diode excitation and results in the generation of strong blue (∼407 nm), green (∼550 nm), and red (∼670 nm) radiation. The main mechanism that allows for upconversion appears to be the energy transfer among Er3+ ions in excited states. The results illustrate the large potential of this new class of glasses for photonic applications.

/pdf/infrared-to-visible-cw-frequency-upconversion-in-er3-doped-3wxpiixndj.pdf

Infrared‐to‐visible CW frequency upconversion in Er3+‐doped fluoroindate glasses

https://publikationen.sulb.uni-saarland.de/bitstream/20.500.11880/24183/1/aeg253.pdf

Frequency upconversion of orange light into blue light in Pr3+-doped fluoroindate glasses.

https://publikationen.sulb.uni-saarland.de/bitstream/20.500.11880/24245/1/aeg199503.pdf

Optical transition probabilities and compositional dependence of Judd-Ofelt parameters of Er3+ ions in fluoroindate glass

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

A. Florez

Author Tools

Chat about Author