The experiment was implemented to assess the influence of dietary supplementation of laying quails with creatine monohydrate (CrM), L-carnitine (CAR) and their mixture (CrMCAR) as antioxidants against oxidative stress (OS) induced by 2.5 ppm lead acetate (LA) in drinking water on productive, physiological and microbial aspects. In total, 400 laying quail females at 10 weeks of age were divided into a randomized design with 5 groups and 4 replicates of 20 birds each. Birds were fed ad libitum with a balanced diet for 8 weeks. The control group were kept under no-stress conditions and was given fresh water without any additives (G1). While birds in other groups were exposed to OS induced experimentally by 2.5 ppm LA in drinking water with no feed additive (G2) or supplemented with 500 mg/kg CrM (G3) or 500 mg/kg CAR (G4) or combination of 250 mg/kg each of CrM and CAR (CrMCAR, G5) to feed mixture. Compared to G2, G5 demonstrated the reduction (p≤0.05) of feed conversion ratio, feed intake, mortality and ileal total coliform, as well as serum and egg malondialdehyde and serum lipid hydroperoxide, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol, enzymatic activities (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, γ-glutamyl transferase) and heterophils/lymphocytes ratio. In the meanwhile, there was an increase (p≤0.05) in egg production, egg mass and weight with the improvement of egg quality, serum sex hormones level and ileal lactic acid bacteria for G5 followed by G4 and G3. Moreover, G5 enhanced (p≤0.05), the total antioxidant capacity of egg and serum glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, protein and calcium levels. Therefore, dietary CrMCAR, CAR and CrM have analogous influence to control by improving the antioxidant and physiological parameters which resulted in better productive performance and egg characteristics of stressed quails. These antioxidants, especially in their equal combination, are beneficial to alleviate oxidative stress incidence and can be recommended for poultry feeding under various aspects of environmental stresses. 

The antioxidative influence of dietary creatine monohydrate and L-carnitine on laying performance, egg quality, ileal microbiota, blood biochemistry and redox status of stressed laying quails

: Two experiments were done in this experiment to evaluate the comparison of the use of chromium chloride (Cr) as CrCl3 and L-carnitine, either alone or in combination with vitamin C, during heat stress in the summer on the egg performance and egg quality. In each experiment, one hundred and twenty individual of a 28-week golden Montazah-layer hen, according to a completely randomized design were divided into four groups, each group had three replicates, and each replicate had 10 laying hens. Layers were housed in cages (one bird/cage) and at high ambient temperatures (day and night cyclic temperatures ranged from 28 to 42°C) throughout the 12-week trial period. Layers have been fed by commercial classes throughout the experiment with access to feed and water. In1st experiment, the treatments were Group 1 = control, (0 additives), group 2 = vitamin C, (250 mg/kg feed), group 3 = Cr, (400 mg/kg feed), group 4 = (Cr 400 mg/kg feed + vitamin C 250 mg/kg feed). In 2nd experiment were Group 1 = control, (0 additives), group 2 = vitamin C, (250 mg/kg feed),, group 3 = L-carnitine, (100 mg feed), group 4 = (L-carnitine 100 mg feed + vitamin C 250 mg/kg feed), The results indicated that groups supplementation of 400 mg (Cr) and 100 mg L-carnitine either alone or combination with 250 mg vitamin C /kg diet improving feed conversation, egg number, egg mass and egg production percentage compared with control group or vitamin C alone, while egg weight increased by using L-carnitine with vitamin C compared with other groups. Also results demonstrated feeding supplemental (Cr) and L-carnitine, either alone or in combination with vitamin C had no effect on egg length, egg diameter, egg shell thickness, egg shell weight but its increased albumen height (p<0.01). It can be concluded that supplementation of 400 mg (Cr/kg feed) and 100 mg L-carnitine /kg feed either alone or combination with vitamin C 250 mg /kg diet, improved production performance for Golden Montazah hens at 29- 40 weeks of age during the summer season.

/pdf/effect-of-chromium-chloride-or-l-carnitine-supplementation-hbkdc9y8.pdf

Effect of chromium chloride or l-carnitine supplementation either alone or combination with vitamin c on productive performance of golden montazah chickens during the summer season

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Effect of chromium chloride or l-carnitine supplementation either alone or combination with vitamin c on productive performance of golden montazah chickens during the summer season