Attraction of female Mediterranean fruitfly (medfly) to ammonia and to protein baits was studied with an olfactometer. Ammonia bait (1 cc/trap) proved to be an effective lure. The maximum number of females was caught in traps loaded with 0.01 M ammonia solution with a release rate of 5.28 μg/cc/h.



A positive correlation was found between female catch and the ammonia release rate of various protein baits, especially from dry protein hydrolysate of which casein hydrolysate was the most effective. However, casein hydrolysate was less attractive than certain ammonia solutions having a lower rate of ammonia release. Elevation of the pH of the liquid commercial baits, Buminal and Naziman, increased the latter's efficacy as medfly baits but the increased stimulation could not be strictly correlated with the increased rate of ammonia release. It is therefore suggested that medfly olfactory response to protein baits is affected not only by ammonia but by other volatiles as well.



RESUME

Le role de l'ammoniaque dans l'attraction des femelles de la mouche mediteraneenne aux attractifs e base d'hydrolysars de proteines



L'attraction de la femelle de la mouche mediteraneenne e l'ammoniaque et aux attractifs proteiniques a ete etudiee au moyen de l'olfactometre decrit par Gothilf & Galun (1982). L'ammoniaque (1 cc/piege) s'avera etre un attractif efficace. Le nombre maximum de femelles fut attrappe dans les pieges charges avec une solution d'ammoniaque 0.01 M ayant une vitesse de diffusion de 5.28/μg/cc/h.



Une correlation positive a ete trouvee entre les captures de femelles et les vitesses de diffusion de divers attractifs proteiniques, particulierement ceux a base d'hydrolysats de proteines secs parmi lesquels le plus effectif a ete l'hydrolysat de caseine. Toutefois, l'hydrolysat de caseine a ete moins attractif que certaines solutions d'ammoniaque ayant une vitesse de diffusion plus basse. Une hausse du pH des attractifs liquides commerciaux, Buminal et Naziman, a augmente leur efficacite en tant qu'attractifs pour la mouche mediteraneenne; toutefois la stimulation plus intense n'a pu etre mise en correlation stricte avec une vitesse accrue de la diffusion de l'ammoniac. C'est pourquoi il est suggere que la reaction olfactive de la mouche mediterraneenne est regie, non seulement par l'ammoniaque mais aussi par d'autres substances volatiles.

The role of ammonia in the attraction of females of the Mediterranean fruit fly to protein hydrolysate baits

The attractiveness of six different traps, one hand-made and five commercially available, on olive fruit fly adults, was compared in the field. Experiments were undertaken at three different localities of Messinia Co., SW Greece, with varying conditions of fruit load and pest population density. The Glass-Plastic Elkofon Trap attracted more adult flies than any other type of trap. Satisfactory catches were also given by the Glass McPhail trap, the Plastic McPhail trap and the Plastic Elkofon trap, whereas low attractiveness was demonstrated by the Bottle trap and the Pouch trap. It is clear from the findings of this study that trap captures of the olive fruit fly are significantly influenced by trap design (e.g. shape, materials, special features), especially during the period of the high population peak (mid-September – early November) as well as in olive orchards with a high pest population density. In olive orchards with a low pest population density no significant differences were recorded am...

/pdf/evaluation-of-commercial-traps-of-various-designs-for-15pmnvgxcr.pdf

Evaluation of commercial traps of various designs for capturing the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Field evaluation of the attractiveness to Dacus oleae (Gml.) exerted by ammonia-releasing chemical formulations.

[Field evaluation of the efficiency of a chemo-chromotropic trap to catch the cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L.]

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Field evaluation of the attractiveness to Dacus oleae (Gml.) exerted by ammonia-releasing chemical formulations.

[Field evaluation of the efficiency of a chemo-chromotropic trap to catch the cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L.]