Pharmacology of ethanol.

CONTEXT: Although the CAGE questionnaire is one of the most widely used alcohol screening instruments, it has been criticized for not identifying people who are drinking heavily or who have alcohol related problems but do not as yet show symptoms of alcohol dependence. The AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) questionnaire was developed by WHO as a screening instrument specifically designed to identify problem drinkers, as well as those who were already dependent on alcohol. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use the AUDIT and Fagerstrom questionnaires in a general hospital inpatient population to measure the frequency of problem drinking and nicotine dependence, and to see if levels varied between medical speciality. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: Federally funded public teaching hospital. SAMPLE: 275 inpatients from both genders. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Socio-demographic data, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. RESULTS: We interviewed 275 inpatients, 49% of whom were men and 51% women. Thirty-four patients were identified as "cases" by the Audit questionnaire; 22% of the male patients and 3% of the females. Just over 21% of inpatients were current smokers. The gastroenterology (26%) and general medicine (16%) inpatient units had the largest number of individual cases. CONCLUSIONS: Only by knowing the prevalence of alcohol abuse/dependence and nicotine dependence in a general hospital can we evaluate the need for a specialized liaison service to identify and treat these patients.

/pdf/the-frequency-of-smoking-and-problem-drinking-among-general-1s7zevojw0.pdf

The frequency of smoking and problem drinking among general hospital inpatients in Brazil - using the AUDIT and Fagerström questionnaires

An attempt to improve the identification of alcohol-dependent patients in a teaching general hospital

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo comparar a motivacao para mudanca em dependentes de alcool internados em hospitais gerais para tratamento de doenca clinica com pacientes alcoolistas que buscaram tratamento em unidades especializadas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de comparacao entre dois grupos. A amostra teve 91 sujeitos: 42 com doenca clinica associada a dependencia do alcool (grupo 1) e 49 dependentes do alcool internados em unidades especializadas para o tratamento da dependencia quimica (grupo 2). Os instrumentos utilizados no estudo foram: entrevista estruturada, o The Alcohol Use Disorder Test (AUDIT), o Short-Form Alcohol Dependence Data (SADD), o The Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC) e a University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA). Os resultados demonstraram haver diferenca significativa entre os grupos 1 e 2 no estagio da acao (p = 0,006), nao sendo encontrada diferenca nos estagios de pre-contemplacao (p = 0,098) e contemplacao (p = 0,342). Foi encontrada diferenca significativa entre os grupos apenas no estagio de manutencao (p = 0,000). Os pacientes internados em hospitais gerais apresentaram-se menos motivados para mudanca do comportamento dependente do que os internados em unidades especializadas em dependencia quimica. Conclui-se, portanto, a importância de trabalhar a motivacao para mudanca do comportamento dependente em pacientes alcoolistas internados em hospitais gerais por complicacoes fisicas.

/pdf/os-estagios-motivacionais-de-alcoolistas-internados-devido-a-3xnxd0cvxz.pdf

Os estágios motivacionais de alcoolistas internados devido a doenças clínicas em hospitais gerais

This article describes the characteristics and problems of drug abuse treatment settings in Brazil, both for inpatient and outpatient modalities. Examples from the author's own clinical experience as consultant and researcher working in different parts of the country are used to illustrate the numerous disadvantages of the existing care system, with clear detriment to patients and to positive treatment outcome. In addition, the inadequacy and insufficiency of the training system for therapists and counselors is described, with particular emphasis on the distortions of the already existing models.

Treatment for Alcohol and Other Drug Problems in Brazil: A Puzzle with Missing Pieces

Alcohol consumption by patients of general hospitals: a neglected problem?

[Alcohol consumption by patients in a general hospital: a neglected problem?].

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Alcohol consumption by patients of general hospitals: a neglected problem?

[Alcohol consumption by patients in a general hospital: a neglected problem?].