http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/93147/1/16.pdf

Effects of sol–gel procedures on the photocatalysis of Cu/TiO2 in CO2 photoreduction

The effect of the addition of CeO2 on the structural and textural properties of TiO2 and TiO2−CuO samples calcined at different temperatures was analyzed. The structural and textural transformation when the temperature of calcination was varied was followed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption techniques. The addition of CeO2 to the TiO2 and TiO2−CuO samples decreases the anatase−rutile phase transformation when compared with the case of pure TiO2. This decrease observed for the phase transformation prevents the substantial surface loss and pore growth associated with this process.

/pdf/inhibition-of-the-anatase-rutile-phase-transformation-with-2g7vuu3umm.pdf

Inhibition of the Anatase−Rutile Phase Transformation with Addition of CeO2 to CuO−TiO2 System: Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Textural Studies

Chemical states of metal-loaded titania in the photoreduction of CO2

Titania and sulfated-titania were prepared by the sol–gel method using titanium alkoxide as titania precursor. BET specific surface areas on samples calcined at 600 °C were 57 and 62 m2/g for titania and sulfated-titania, respectively. FTIR spectra of sulfated samples show the 1360–1370 cm−1 absorption band assigned to SO vibrations. Moreover, by means of FTIR-pyridine absorption the strength of the sulfate bonded on the TiO2 surface was studied. Pyridine absorption bands assigned to Lewis and Bronsted acidic sites were identified on sulfated TiO2. A diminution of the band gap (Eg) by effect of sulfation was observed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns show that sulfate ions stabilize the anatase phase. The photoactivity of the samples determined in the 2,4-dinitroaniline decomposition was found to be higher in sulfated samples. A model is proposed, in which the sulfate anchored to the titania surface acts as an electron trap during photo activation leading to an enhancement of activity.

Effect of sulfation on the photoactivity of TiO2 sol–gel derived catalysts

This study reports synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles for fabricating the TiO2 nanocrystalline films used in dye-sensitized solar cells: phase-pure anatase nanoparticles from a titanate-directed route, and brookite (27%) and rutile (1.2%)-containing anatase nanoparticles from a sol−gel route. After nanoparticle-necking into films, X-ray diffraction pattern simulation shows that the defect density of the anatase (AN) films is less than that of the brookite/rutile-containing anatase (AN-br) films. The defect states in the AN-br films lower the short circuit current and conversion efficiency of the resulting solar cells. Intensity-modulated photocurrent/photovoltage spectroscopic analysis demonstrates electron transport in trap-free and trap-limited diffusion modes and shows that the defects serve as electron trap state to retard electron transport for collection and increase the traveling time prior to recombination. Impedance analysis shows that the trap-free mode extends the electron diffusio...

Electron Transport Patterns in TiO2 Nanocrystalline Films of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Copper Precursor Effect on Reducibility and Titania Phases Concentration of Sol–Gel Cu/TiO2Catalyst

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Copper Precursor Effect on Reducibility and Titania Phases Concentration of Sol–Gel Cu/TiO2Catalyst